[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":573},["ShallowReactive",2],{"magazine:whats-in-the-box":3,"magazine:whats-in-the-box:related":512,"city-stats":520},{"id":4,"title":5,"author":6,"body":7,"cities":484,"description":491,"draft":492,"extension":493,"format":494,"meta":495,"navigation":496,"path":497,"published":498,"readingMinutes":499,"related":500,"section":501,"seo":503,"services":504,"sitemap":507,"sourcesVerified":508,"standfirst":509,"stem":510,"__hash__":511},"magazine/magazine/whats-in-the-box.md","What's in the box",null,{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":468},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,25,34,39,45,58,62,65,68,71,74,77,81,84,87,90,93,186,189,192,195,199,202,207,210,214,217,221,224,227,231,234,238,241,249,252,255,259,262,270,312],[11,12,13],"p",{},"Most people picture dental work as a service, not a product. A dentist does something to you, and the skill of the dentist is the whole of the question. That picture is half right. Roughly half of what goes into your jaw arrived at the clinic in a sealed box from a factory, and that half can be traced, named and compared like any other manufactured good.",[11,15,16],{},"So it is a fair question to ask before booking a treatment abroad. Is the object that arrives at a clinic in Budapest, Kraków, Athens, Barcelona, Milan or Baden-Württemberg the same object that arrives at a clinic in Zurich? And if it is not, where exactly does the difference enter?",[11,18,19],{},"The answer is more interesting than either side of the usual argument. The device itself is largely the same object, made by the same handful of companies, under a rulebook that six of these seven countries share and Switzerland currently does not. The variation sits in a different place: in the part of the treatment that the European device system deliberately leaves outside its own traceability machinery, and in the purchasing choices a clinic makes underneath a price.",[21,22,24],"h2",{"id":23},"the-box-holds-three-things-not-one","The box holds three things, not one",[11,26,27,28,33],{},"What people call \"an ",[29,30,32],"a",{"href":31},"/services/implants","implant","\" is normally three separate products with three separate legal statuses. Getting them apart is the whole of the analysis.",[35,36],"mag-layers",{":items":37,"head":38},"[{\"folio\":\"01\",\"title\":\"The fixture\",\"body\":\"The titanium screw that goes into the bone. Mass-produced in batches, CNC-machined from titanium bar stock, surface-treated by blasting or etching, sterilised and sealed. In the EU it is a class IIb implantable device. It carries a CE mark, a lot number and a Unique Device Identifier, and since May 2026 it has to be registered in the European device database before it can be sold.\",\"tags\":[\"CE marked\",\"UDI\",\"In EUDAMED\"]},{\"folio\":\"02\",\"title\":\"The abutment\",\"body\":\"The connector between the fixture and the visible tooth. Either a stock part from the implant manufacturer, in which case it is a mass-produced CE-marked device like the fixture, or a patient-specific part milled by a laboratory, in which case it is legally a custom-made device and the rules below apply to it instead.\",\"tags\":[\"Depends which route\"]},{\"folio\":\"03\",\"title\":\"The crown, bridge or veneer\",\"body\":\"The part you can see, and the part patients judge the work by. Made for one named person from a scan or an impression. Under EU law it is a custom-made device, and custom-made devices do not carry a CE mark. They do not get a UDI. They are not registered in the European database. Instead the maker issues a written statement under Annex XIII naming the patient, the device and the materials, and keeps a copy for ten years.\",\"tags\":[\"No CE mark\",\"No UDI\",\"Not in EUDAMED\",\"Annex XIII statement\"]}]","One implant, three products",[40,41,42],"mag-pull",{},[11,43,44],{},"The part that is most tightly tracked is the part nobody looks at. The part everyone judges the result by is the part with no serial number in any country.",[11,46,47,48,52,53,57],{},"This is not a loophole and it is not a foreign problem. It is how the system is designed, and it is designed that way in Zurich exactly as it is in Milan. A ",[29,49,51],{"href":50},"/services/crowns","crown"," is made once, for one mouth, and cannot be batch-tested like a screw. The regulation handles that by putting an obligation on the maker instead of a mark on the object. Every dental laboratory in the EU is ",[29,54,56],{"href":55},"/magazine/quality-control","a manufacturer of custom-made devices",", with a quality management system, a risk management file, documented post-production experience and a duty to report serious incidents. A laboratory in Budapest carries the same obligation as one in Bensheim.",[21,59,61],{"id":60},"where-layer-one-actually-comes-from","Where layer one actually comes from",[11,63,64],{},"The implant industry is small, consolidated and multinational. A short list of companies supplies most of Europe, and none of them make everything in one country.",[11,66,67],{},"Straumann is the clearest illustration, because Swiss patients tend to read the name as a guarantee of geography. The group is headquartered in Basel and its first and largest implant plant is in Villeret in the Bernese Jura, a village of about 900 people where more than 35 million implants had been produced by the time the second building opened in 2022. The group also manufactures in Germany, Brazil and the United States, and owns value-tier brands alongside the premium line. Nobel Biocare is headquartered near Zurich Airport and has produced across Sweden, the United States, Japan and elsewhere for decades.",[11,69,70],{},"Two things follow. A Swiss company name tells you about a corporate address, not necessarily about a production address. And the Villeret implant is not reserved for Swiss patients. It is sold through distributors into every one of these markets, and a clinic in Budapest or Athens can order the identical article number that a clinic in Zurich orders. There is no export-grade version.",[11,72,73],{},"The ceramic side is even more concentrated, and the concentration sits further upstream than most people would guess. A zirconia crown starts as a powder: zirconium dioxide stabilised with yttrium oxide. The high-end medical-grade powder market has been dominated for three decades by two Japanese producers, Tosoh and Daiichi Kigenso Kagaku. That powder is pressed into blanks by a second set of companies, including Ivoclar in Liechtenstein, VITA and Dental Direkt in Germany, Kuraray Noritake in Japan, and large Chinese producers such as Upcera and Aidite, several of whom buy their powder from the same Japanese source. Only then does a blank reach a laboratory, anywhere in Europe, to be milled and sintered into your crown.",[11,75,76],{},"This year that chain produced a useful demonstration of how shared it really is. China controls the great majority of world yttrium oxide separation capacity and tightened export controls on Japan in January 2026. Tosoh, cut off from the raw material, notified customers that zirconia powder deliveries would be suspended, and prices outside China moved to multiples of the domestic Chinese price. Whatever the eventual consequences, they will not be Hungarian consequences or Spanish consequences. They will arrive in Bern and in Kraków from the same direction at the same time.",[21,78,80],{"id":79},"six-countries-share-a-rulebook-one-does-not","Six countries share a rulebook. One does not.",[11,82,83],{},"Here the expected answer inverts. Hungary, Italy, Spain, Poland, Germany and Greece are all EU member states operating under Regulation 2017/745, the Medical Device Regulation. Same conformity assessment, same notified bodies, same UDI system, same vigilance reporting, same European database. A device certified in Milan is certified in Kraków on identical terms.",[11,85,86],{},"Switzerland is the one that sits outside. The mutual recognition agreement covering medical devices was not updated when the MDR took effect, and since 26 May 2021 Switzerland has been treated as a third country for device purposes. It responded with mitigating measures: it recognises CE marking unilaterally, requires foreign manufacturers to appoint a Swiss authorised representative, and built its own national database, swissdamed, because Swissmedic lost access to the European one. Device registration in swissdamed became mandatory on 1 July 2026, with a transition period to the end of the year.",[11,88,89],{},"The EU and Switzerland signed an updated agreement on 2 March 2026 as part of the Bilaterals III package, which restores mutual recognition for medical devices and adds a mechanism intended to stop the two systems drifting apart again. It has not yet entered into force, and ratification is still ahead of it.",[11,91,92],{},"None of this makes Swiss dentistry less safe. Switzerland has aligned its own ordinance closely to the MDR and recognises European certificates. But it does mean that on the specific question of shared regulatory machinery, a Swiss patient is currently the outlier in this group of seven, and the assumption that Switzerland is the most tightly integrated of them is the wrong way round.",[94,95,96],"mag-table",{},[97,98,99,115],"table",{},[100,101,102],"thead",{},[103,104,105,109,112],"tr",{},[106,107,108],"th",{},"Destination",[106,110,111],{},"Device rulebook",[106,113,114],{},"Database",[116,117,118,130,139,148,157,166,175],"tbody",{},[103,119,120,124,127],{},[121,122,123],"td",{},"Barcelona",[121,125,126],{},"EU MDR 2017/745",[121,128,129],{},"EUDAMED",[103,131,132,135,137],{},[121,133,134],{},"Budapest",[121,136,126],{},[121,138,129],{},[103,140,141,144,146],{},[121,142,143],{},"Kraków",[121,145,126],{},[121,147,129],{},[103,149,150,153,155],{},[121,151,152],{},"Milan",[121,154,126],{},[121,156,129],{},[103,158,159,162,164],{},[121,160,161],{},"Athens",[121,163,126],{},[121,165,129],{},[103,167,168,171,173],{},[121,169,170],{},"Baden-Württemberg",[121,172,126],{},[121,174,129],{},[103,176,177,180,183],{},[121,178,179],{},"Switzerland",[121,181,182],{},"MepV, aligned to MDR, CE recognised unilaterally",[121,184,185],{},"swissdamed",[11,187,188],{},"Two further points apply identically to all seven, and both are worth knowing because they are often presented as if they were country-specific.",[11,190,191],{},"First, there is no patient implant card for dental implants. The MDR requires manufacturers of implantable devices to supply one, but it exempts a list that includes screws, connectors and tooth crowns. The European association of notified bodies has taken the position that dental implants qualify as screws and abutments as connectors, so the statutory card does not apply. Nobody in Europe is legally owed a card that names the implant in their jaw. What you get depends on the clinic's own practice.",[11,193,194],{},"Second, a CE mark on an implant does not yet mean the device has been assessed under the MDR. Certificates issued under the old directive were extended, and for this device category the transition runs to 31 December 2028. Legacy devices are still legitimately on the market everywhere in the EU, and this too is uniform across the six.",[21,196,198],{"id":197},"so-where-does-the-variation-actually-live","So where does the variation actually live",[11,200,201],{},"Four places. None of them are national.",[203,204,206],"h3",{"id":205},"the-brand-tier-the-clinic-buys","The brand tier the clinic buys",[11,208,209],{},"The implant market runs from premium systems with long published survival data to value systems sold at a fraction of the price, and the large groups own brands at both ends. A clinic in any of the seven can quote a low price by fitting a value-tier implant, and a clinic in any of the seven can quote a high price for a premium one. The tier is a purchasing decision made inside the practice. It is invisible on a treatment plan that says only \"implant\", and it is the single most useful thing to ask about.",[203,211,213],{"id":212},"original-or-third-party-components","Original or third-party components",[11,215,216],{},"Once a fixture is in place, the abutment and screw can be bought from the implant manufacturer or from a third party selling compatible parts more cheaply. Systematic reviews of laboratory studies consistently find original components give more predictable results on fit, sealing at the interface, rotational stability and fatigue resistance, with one study finding misfit roughly double for non-original CAD-CAM abutments. The literature stops short of saying compatible parts fail, and the measured gaps are often within what authors call clinically acceptable. But it is a real quality axis, it is a cost lever available in every country, and it almost never appears on an invoice.",[203,218,220],{"id":219},"which-laboratory-and-where","Which laboratory, and where",[11,222,223],{},"This is where the intuitive geography breaks down completely. In Germany and Switzerland, sending laboratory work abroad is an established industry. The practice takes the impression, a local laboratory prepares the models, the case is flown to a partner laboratory in China, Turkey or eastern Europe, and the finished work comes back for checking and delivery. The German trade press has covered this for over a decade and the country's own dental associations campaign against it.",[11,225,226],{},"The consequence is uncomfortable but simple. A crown fitted in Zurich may have been milled several thousand kilometres away by a laboratory the patient will never hear named. A crown fitted in Budapest or Kraków may have been made in a laboratory in the same building by a technician who walked into the surgery to check the shade. Physical proximity between dentist and technician is a genuine quality factor, because corrections happen in minutes rather than in freight cycles. Nothing about a Swiss postcode guarantees it, and nothing about a Hungarian one excludes it.",[203,228,230],{"id":229},"what-gets-written-down","What gets written down",[11,232,233],{},"Since no country issues you a card, the record you leave with is whatever the clinic chose to give you. A file containing the implant system, article and lot numbers, the sterile packaging labels, the abutment type and the laboratory's Annex XIII statement is a complete record. A file containing an invoice line reading \"implant with ceramic crown\" is not. That gap is a practice-level choice, and it is the most reliable single signal of how a clinic works.",[21,235,237],{"id":236},"what-the-evidence-on-outcomes-says-and-how-old-it-is","What the evidence on outcomes says, and how old it is",[11,239,240],{},"Any honest version of this article has to deal with the studies, because they are cited constantly and they are not flattering.",[11,242,243,244,248],{},"The Swiss reference point is Joss and colleagues at the University of Bern, published in ",[245,246,247],"em",{},"Acta Med Dent Helv"," in 1999. Blinded examiners assessed prosthetic work in 103 patients without knowing where it had been made, graded on a scale from A to E. No work made in Hungary received an A or a B. German research reached similar conclusions in the following years, including a study by the Medical Service of the health insurers in Rhineland-Palatinate with the University of Mainz which found that under a quarter of assessed patients had satisfactory prosthetic work made outside the EU.",[11,250,251],{},"These findings should be stated plainly rather than argued away. They should also be dated plainly. The Bern study is 27 years old. It predates Hungary's EU accession in 2004, the MDR, the collapse in the cost of CAD/CAM milling and the entire digital workflow that now produces most fixed restorations. Its sample, like most studies in this literature, came from patients presenting for assessment, which is a population selected for having a problem. There is no comparable current Swiss study, in either direction, and the German dental association states openly that current data on how often patients go abroad does not exist.",[11,253,254],{},"What survives from that literature is not a verdict on a country. It is a verdict on a purchasing pattern: work bought on price alone, with no examination beforehand, no named laboratory, no documentation and nobody responsible for the result afterwards. That pattern was widespread when those studies were done and it still exists. It also exists at home.",[21,256,258],{"id":257},"the-short-version","The short version",[11,260,261],{},"The physical dental technology used across Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Hungary and Greece comes from the same small group of manufacturers, through the same distributors, made from raw materials that pass through the same two or three upstream suppliers. Six of those seven countries certify it under one identical rulebook. The seventh, Switzerland, currently recognises that rulebook from outside it, and signed an agreement in March to rejoin it.",[11,263,264,265,269],{},"The box is not the variable. The variables are which grade of product a clinic chose to put in it, who made the part that has no serial number, and whether anyone wrote it all down. Those are questions about a clinic, and they have to be ",[29,266,268],{"href":267},"/discover","asked one clinic at a time",".",[271,272,274,277],"mag-close",{"title":273},"Questions that have answers",[11,275,276],{},"Because the rulebook is shared and the products are shared, the questions that separate good work from bad work are the same in every one of these countries. None of them require you to know anything about dentistry.",[278,279,280,288,294,300,306],"ol",{},[281,282,283,287],"li",{},[284,285,286],"strong",{},"Which implant system, exactly, and can I have the packaging labels for my file?"," You want a manufacturer, a product line and an article number, not the word \"titanium\". Every sterile implant ships with peel-off labels carrying the lot number and UDI, designed to be stuck into patient records. A clinic that hands them over has a system for traceability. One that cannot produce them does not.",[281,289,290,293],{},[284,291,292],{},"Original abutment and screw, or compatible parts?"," Both answers can be defensible. Only one of them is usually given without being asked.",[281,295,296,299],{},[284,297,298],{},"Which laboratory makes the crown, where is it, and does it subcontract?"," Ask for the name and the town. Ask whether any step goes to a partner laboratory elsewhere. This question is as relevant in Zurich as it is in Athens, and asking it at home first is a good way to calibrate what a normal answer sounds like.",[281,301,302,305],{},[284,303,304],{},"Will I receive the written statement for the custom-made parts?"," The Annex XIII statement is a legal obligation on the laboratory in every EU country, and Swiss rules mirror it. It names you, the device and the materials. If nobody can produce it, the paperwork behind your crown does not exist.",[281,307,308,311],{},[284,309,310],{},"If something fails in year three, who does the work and who pays?"," Warranty terms vary far more between individual clinics than between countries. Get the answer in writing before the first appointment, not after the last one.",[313,314,315],"mag-sources",{},[316,317,318,331,343,355,367,373,385,397,409,412,424,435,442,449,461],"ul",{},[281,319,320,321,324,325],{},"European Union, ",[245,322,323],{},"Regulation (EU) 2017/745 on medical devices",", Articles 18, 20, 52 and Annex XIII. The device rulebook, and why custom-made work carries no CE mark. ",[29,326,330],{"href":327,"rel":328},"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/745/oj/eng",[329],"nofollow","eur-lex.europa.eu",[281,332,333,334,337,338],{},"Team-NB, ",[245,335,336],{},"Position paper on the applicability of the exemption rule to endosseous dental implants and dental implant abutments",", 11 March 2020. Why the statutory patient implant card does not apply to dental implants. ",[29,339,342],{"href":340,"rel":341},"https://www.team-nb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Team-NB-Position-paper-on-Dental-Implants-20200311-V1.pdf",[329],"team-nb.org",[281,344,345,346,349,350],{},"FEPPD, ",[245,347,348],{},"Guidance on UDI and traceability for custom-made dental devices",". Why a crown carries no UDI. ",[29,351,354],{"href":352,"rel":353},"https://feppd.eu/are-custom-made-dental-devices-required-to-bear-a-udi-unique-device-identification/",[329],"feppd.eu",[281,356,357,358,361,362],{},"European Commission, ",[245,359,360],{},"UDI/Device registration in EUDAMED",", mandatory from 28 May 2026 under Decision (EU) 2025/2371. When device registration became compulsory. ",[29,363,366],{"href":364,"rel":365},"https://health.ec.europa.eu/medical-devices-eudamed/udidevice-registration_en",[329],"health.ec.europa.eu",[281,368,320,369,372],{},[245,370,371],{},"Regulation (EU) 2023/607",". Extended transition periods for legacy devices, to 31 December 2028.",[281,374,375,376,379,380],{},"Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, ",[245,377,378],{},"Medical devices legislation and mitigating measures after the lapse of the mutual recognition agreement",". Third-country status, the Swiss authorised representative and swissdamed. ",[29,381,384],{"href":382,"rel":383},"https://www.bag.admin.ch/en/medical-devices-legislation",[329],"bag.admin.ch",[281,386,387,388,391,392],{},"MedTech Europe, ",[245,389,390],{},"EU-Switzerland relations: renewed momentum on mutual recognition",", 2026. The agreement package signed 2 March 2026 and the updated mutual recognition agreement. ",[29,393,396],{"href":394,"rel":395},"https://www.medtecheurope.org/2026/03/05/eu-switzerland-relations-renewed-momentum-on-mutual-recognition/",[329],"medtecheurope.org",[281,398,399,400,403,404],{},"Straumann Group, ",[245,401,402],{},"Inauguration of the Villeret 2 production building",", 2022. Where the group's implants are made. ",[29,405,408],{"href":406,"rel":407},"https://www.straumann.com/en/discover/youtooth/article/education/2022/inauguration-villeret-2-new-building-straumann-manufacturing-site.html",[329],"straumann.com",[281,410,411],{},"Reporting on China's yttrium oxide export controls and Tosoh's suspension of zirconia powder deliveries, 2026. The zirconia powder chain and the January 2026 controls.",[281,413,414,415,418,419],{},"Tallarico M et al., ",[245,416,417],{},"Mechanical outcomes, microleakage and marginal accuracy at the implant-abutment interface of original versus non-original abutments",", BioMed Research International 2018. Original versus compatible components. ",[29,420,423],{"href":421,"rel":422},"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1155/2018/2958982",[329],"onlinelibrary.wiley.com",[281,425,426,429,430],{},[245,427,428],{},"Systematic review on accuracy of original versus non-original abutments across connection geometries",", J Prosthodont 2022. Misfit across connection geometries. ",[29,431,434],{"href":432,"rel":433},"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34866275/",[329],"pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",[281,436,437,438,441],{},"Joss A, Christensen MM, Jakob S, Oberholzer G, Lang NP, ",[245,439,440],{},"Qualität von zahnärztlich-prothetischen Versorgungen im Vergleich (Schweiz/Ausland, speziell Ungarn)",", Acta Med Dent Helv 1999; 4: 77–85. The Bern assessment of prosthetic work.",[281,443,444,445,448],{},"Baulig C, Weibler-Villalobos U, Körner I, Krummenauer F, ",[245,446,447],{},"On outcome quality and cost effectiveness of prosthetic treatment outside the EU",", Medical Service of the health insurers Rhineland-Palatinate with the University of Mainz. The German assessment of work made outside the EU.",[281,450,451,452,455,456],{},"Bundeszahnärztekammer, ",[245,453,454],{},"Patient information on treatment abroad",". That current data on how often patients travel does not exist. ",[29,457,460],{"href":458,"rel":459},"https://www.bzaek.de/fuer-patienten/behandlung-im-ausland.html",[329],"bzaek.de",[281,462,463,464,467],{},"zm-online, ",[245,465,466],{},"Reporting on the imported dental prosthetics industry and the extended workbench model",". Laboratory work sent abroad from Germany.",{"title":469,"searchDepth":470,"depth":470,"links":471},"",2,[472,473,474,475,482,483],{"id":23,"depth":470,"text":24},{"id":60,"depth":470,"text":61},{"id":79,"depth":470,"text":80},{"id":197,"depth":470,"text":198,"children":476},[477,479,480,481],{"id":205,"depth":478,"text":206},3,{"id":212,"depth":478,"text":213},{"id":219,"depth":478,"text":220},{"id":229,"depth":478,"text":230},{"id":236,"depth":470,"text":237},{"id":257,"depth":470,"text":258},[485,486,487,488,489,490],"barcelona","budapest","krakow","milan","athens","baden-wurttemberg","The device in a dental implant is the same object in Zurich and in Budapest. The variation sits in the crown, the components and the paperwork.",false,"md","explainer",{},true,"/magazine/whats-in-the-box","2026-08-13","12",[501,502],"quality-control","the-new-smile-playbook",{"title":5,"description":491},[505,506],"implants","crowns",{"loc":497},"2026-08","A dental implant is a manufactured object with a serial number, a factory and a paper trail. Follow that trail across the seven countries a Swiss patient is choosing between, and the differences turn up somewhere other than where most people look for them.","magazine/whats-in-the-box","mZWp95KW4O_axFJihr3bLQ4iHTkEbQhdJWUNizNa9yk",[513,516],{"path":55,"title":514,"section":501,"readingMinutes":515},"Europe regulates the implant and the dentist. Nobody regulates the decision.","8",{"path":517,"title":518,"section":519,"readingMinutes":499},"/magazine/the-new-smile-playbook","The new smile playbook","treatments",{"cities":521,"totals":565},[522,529,537,545,551,558],{"slug":485,"locality":123,"country":523,"clinic_count":478,"savings_percent":524,"price_modifier":525,"avg_rating":526,"review_count":527,"from_price_chf":528},"Spain",65,0.35,4.58,59,53,{"slug":486,"locality":134,"country":530,"clinic_count":531,"savings_percent":532,"price_modifier":533,"avg_rating":534,"review_count":535,"from_price_chf":536},"Hungary",1,75,0.25,4.77,22,38,{"slug":487,"locality":538,"country":539,"clinic_count":531,"savings_percent":540,"price_modifier":541,"avg_rating":542,"review_count":543,"from_price_chf":544},"Krakow","Poland",72,0.28,4.72,18,42,{"slug":488,"locality":152,"country":546,"clinic_count":470,"savings_percent":547,"price_modifier":548,"avg_rating":549,"review_count":535,"from_price_chf":550},"Italy",55,0.45,4.86,68,{"slug":489,"locality":161,"country":552,"clinic_count":531,"savings_percent":553,"price_modifier":554,"avg_rating":555,"review_count":556,"from_price_chf":557},"Greece",70,0.3,4.79,19,45,{"slug":490,"locality":170,"country":559,"clinic_count":531,"savings_percent":560,"price_modifier":561,"avg_rating":562,"review_count":563,"from_price_chf":564},"Germany",28,0.72,4.73,11,108,{"clinic_count":566,"avg_rating":567,"review_count":568,"avg_savings_percent":569,"max_savings_percent":532,"reservation_fee_min_chf":570,"reservation_fee_max_chf":571,"staff_count":572},9,4.7,151,61,100,200,39,1788616075819]